The Role of a Social Worker in Different Areas of Social Work

Social work skills are highly sought after in many government, private, and non-profit organizations. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the social care worker profession is expected to grow faster than average, at 12% between 2020 and 2030.

Those interested in becoming a social worker might be wondering, “What do social workers do?” or “What is the job of a social worker in government?” The fact is that what social workers do can vary widely, depending upon the area of social work the person is in and the social worker qualifications that person has earned.

For example, a certified social worker will generally have more clinical and supervisory roles, whereas someone that only has a bachelor’s degree in social work (BSW), might be tasked with more entry-level job responsibilities of a social worker.

Role of a Social worker




If you’ve ever asked, “What’s a social worker?” or wondered, “What does it take to be a social worker?”






What Does It Take to Be a Social Worker?

Before you can begin taking on the roles and responsibilities of a social worker, you need certain social worker qualifications, which will include getting a degree in social work.

What does it take to be a social worker? At a minimum, you’ll need to earn a 4-year Bachelor of Social Work (BSW) degree. This will qualify you to be considered a social care worker.

With a BSW, social workers will find social worker’s role and responsibilities that are more entry-level. If they want to advance into other areas like clinical social work, the role of psychiatric social worker, or a supervisory role, they’ll need to earn a Master of Social Work (MSW) degree.

If you’ve earned a BSW, then you may qualify for an accelerated advanced standing MSW program that can be as short as 1-year. If you earned another type of 4-year degree, then you can expect it to take 2-years to earn your MSW.

What can you get with the MSW? You qualify for more advanced social care worker responsibilities and roles. There are many more opportunities for the role of a social worker with a master’s degree in social work.

Different Roles and Responsibilities of a Social Worker Based on Education & Certification


Now, we’ll look at answering, “What does a social worker do?” as it pertains to the level of education and certification that a social care worker has. The roles and responsibilities of a social worker will change as a person builds their social work skills. As social worker qualifications increase, for example through certification, that social worker’s role and responsibilities will expand accordingly.

What Do Social Workers Do If They Have a BSW Degree?

With a bachelor’s degree in social work, an individual qualifies for entry-level social worker roles. They’ll often be assisting more experienced social care workers, such as entering data on a client assessment into a social work template that a certified social worker gathered in a one-on-one.Typical roles of a social worker with a BSW degree include working with community organizations, groups, and policymakers to improve social services and conditions.

What’s the Role of a Social Worker based on License / Certification?

A key difference in the definition of “What’s a social worker?” when you become licensed in your state as an LCSW is that you can then diagnose and treat mental, behavioral, and emotional disorders.

Being a certified social worker significantly expands the roles and responsibilities of a social worker and can allow them to take on the role of psychiatric social worker, the role of social worker in mental health, and other advanced areas of social work that require diagnosing individuals.

What Are the Job Responsibilities of a Social Worker with a DSW Degree?

What does it take to be a social worker that teaches others how to be a social care worker? You will generally need a DSW/Ph.D. in social work to teach social work courses in universities.

The job responsibilities of a social worker with this top degree may also include being the social work director of a public, non-profit, or government agency.

Social Worker’s Role and Responsibilities by Type of Social Work

What does a day in the life of a social worker look like? It depends on their field of social work.For example, a day in the life of a social worker that works in a high school assisting youth in need may look very different than the daily role of a social worker in a hospital that assists families dealing with a medical crisis.

We’ll take a look at the roles of a social worker for different types of social work positions. Because there is so much range in the answer to “what is the job of a social worker,” we will focus on some of the main types of social work and what those in that field would do as social worker roles.

If you’d like to download a role of social worker in social action PPT or roles of a social worker PDF that provides a brief overview of this information, you’ll find them after this section.

To provide the most accurate description of the role of a social worker in each type of social work listed below, we’ve sourced social worker’s role and responsibility details from current job listings for social workers.

Health Care / Hospital Roles of a Social Worker

A health care social worker assists families and patients going through a medical crisis. Part of the role of a social worker in a hospital setting will be acting as a liaison between the caregivers and the patient to improve the patient experience.

What do social workers do in a hospital setting? Here are some common roles of a health care social worker:

  • Participate in the development of the psychosocial support plan
  • Identify, access, and coordinate recommended treatment and service providers
  • Work collaboratively with providers, patients, and community agencies
  • Conduct needs assessments
  • Provide support to patients and their families and help them address medical concerns like transportation to an appointment, obtaining documentation, etc.
  • Document activities in the medical record

Child & Family Social Worker Roles

A child and family social worker serves vulnerable children and youth and their families in a variety of capacities. When looking at “what’s a social worker” that specializes in this area, they will often work for government social services agencies that take care of children in need of a safe and nurturing environment.

What does a social worker do that works in a child and family social service agency?

  • Assess needs of clients and the risk of abuse/neglect
  • Conduct investigations to determine whether clients are at risk
  • Provide social services to prevent abuse and neglect
  • Work to preserve families and community living
  • Evaluate the need for out of home placements for children or adults
  • Work with and counsel clients
  • Supervise family service/care providers and provide a support system
  • Maintain confidential case records

Criminal Justice Roles of a Social Worker

Social workers in the criminal justice system will work in places like courthouses, substance abuse centers, and correctional facilities. The role of a social worker in this profession is to assist those who have been incarcerated or are in the criminal justice system for another reason.

What does a social worker do that works with the Department of Justice?

  • Act as a case manager for at-risk, on probation, or incarcerated individuals
  • Do needs and strengths assessments
  • Provide comprehensive plans for supervision
  • Advocate on behalf of the client and their families to ensure timely and consistent services
  • Develop and broker community services where gaps exist
  • Conduct pre-release assessments
  • Prepare reports
  • Participate in job-related training and workshops for client

Role of Social Worker in Mental Health

A mental health social worker will provide direct services to individuals, which includes helping people that suffer from anxiety, depression, emotional issues, and other mental health problems.The role of psychiatric social worker professionals differs from the other mental health social workers in that they typically work with those people that are severely mentally ill.

The role of social worker in mental health and the role of psychiatric social workers include:

  • Perform care management remotely and/or through in-person visits to facilities or homes
  • Use appropriate screening criteria and clinical judgment to assess client needs
  • Develop care plans to address client needs and reach determined goals
  • Monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of a care plan and adjust the plan as needed
  • Support client access to appropriate quality and cost-effective care
  • Coordinate with internal and external resources to meet identified needs

What does a social worker do?
Understanding the role of a social worker

Conclusion | What Does a Social Worker Do?

The overarching answer to, “What do social workers do?” is to help people. What social workers do daily will depend on the social work skills they have and their social worker qualifications.

While many roles and responsibilities of a social worker will be similar no matter the field of social work (e.g., doing needs assessments, advocating for the client), some social worker roles will be specific to a certain type of social work.







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